The study demonstrates the urgency of effectively tackling resource efficiency in the Indian building and construction sector. An analysis of current and future material flows has shown that depletion of five of the most important resources for the building and construction sector (sand, soil, stone, limestone, iron & steel) is critically high and that a radical shift towards usage of different and more sustainable materials and building practices is needed. However, a closer look at the existing policy landscape and interviews with Indian key experts have made it clear that there is less demand for formulating new policies and regulations but rather for tangible measures and effectively implementable initiatives that can have a real impact and receive buy-in from key players.